Legacy Applications and Technology

Overview

Legacy apps or Legacy Technology are still used by businesses worldwide. But why are businesses still using outdated legacy applications? These applications can cause problems like security vulnerabilities, integration challenges, and high maintenance costs. This post will provide answers to common questions like what a legacy application is, why are legacy systems still​ used, and more. 

What is a legacy application?

A legacy app is a software program that has been used for a significant period. These are built on legacy technology, such as outdated programming languages, operation systems, or hardware. These applications can still function. But, there can be security issues and integration issues, and it can be expensive to maintain. Here are some key reasons why an application can be called a legacy application:

• These applications have no updates, support, or maintenance.
• They are no longer available for purchase at the moment.
• They are designed to run on a legacy technology.
• The Systems are complex, and outdated technology can affect the maintenance process.
• They are vulnerable to security threats.

Legacy programming languages

Legacy programming languages are the base for legacy applications. Such languages, which were once cutting-edge, might have become outdated now. Programming languages that are no longer widely used or have been replaced by their successors are called legacy programming languages. Some of the examples are:

• Delphi. This was a popular language in the 1990s for building Windows software applications. Developers still use it, and even today, Delphi is one of the most popular languages for Windows developers.
• .NET. It is the older version of the .NET framework, and it is still used in some legacy applications.
• WPF and Winform. These Graphic User Interface (GUI) are used in .NET development, but newer frameworks are preferred now.

Now that we understand Legacy system meaning and their programming languages, the next section will explore some of the common examples of legacy systems.

Legacy system examples

Here are some of the legacy systems and applications:

• Mainframe systems. Mainframe systems still handle a big chunk of core banking transactions worldwide, around 20-30%. These systems mostly use COBOL for their main functions despite becoming less popular. Government IT systems often stick to old tech because of tough rules and worries about keeping data safe.
• Government IT systems. Government agencies stick to old systems because of strict rules and data safety concerns. They often use COBOL and RPG (Report Program Generator) for their work. These legacy systems handle things like taxes and social security. 
• Hospital management systems. Hospital Management Systems use several different programming languages. Many hospitals still depend on old systems to keep track of patient information and handle billing. These systems can use a mix of older languages like COBOL and newer ones like Java.
• Supply chain management systems. SCM systems help with things like keeping track of inventory, processing orders, and figuring out transportation logistics. These systems often use a mix of programming languages, too. You might see older languages like COBOL and RPG and older versions of Java.
• Airline booking systems. Airlines often use old booking systems they built themselves years ago. These important systems book flights and handle passenger info. Airlines use different coding languages. Some might have COBOL, PL/I, or even assembly language in their old systems.

In addition to understanding what is legacy system? It is important to acquaint yourself with the numerous examples of legacy systems available. 

Types of legacy systems

Legacy systems fall into different groups based on what they do:

• Transaction processing systems. These systems deal with lots of info for things like billing or keeping track of inventory.
• Operational systems. These help with main business stuff such as making products or moving goods around.
• Data management systems. They hold and take care of big chunks of old, essential information.

These systems impact how businesses work and handle their data every day. Companies rely on them to process transactions, run operations, and store vital records. Each type plays a crucial role in keeping things running.

Problems caused by legacy systems

While some legacy apps can still function effectively, they can create several issues for companies. Let us explore some of the main problems caused by legacy systems. 

Security weak spots

Old systems often miss out on security fixes and updates that new software gets. This makes them easy targets for hackers, putting important info at risk.

How to fix: Updating or moving to new systems can solve security problems by using the latest security methods.

Trouble connecting

It’s hard to link old systems with newer apps because they use different tech. This leads to isolated data and stops info from flowing.

How to fix: We can make APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to connect old systems with modern apps.

High maintenance costs

Hiring experts who know old tech costs a lot. Old hardware and software drain IT resources too.

How to fix: Moving to new tech or updating systems can cut maintenance costs. Modern tech has more support options.

Scalability issues

Old systems might not be able to handle more data or users, which can prevent business growth and quick changes for anyone who uses legacy app.

How to fix: Updating often makes growth more manageable. Using cloud stuff or changing app code can help.

Bad User Experience

Old apps might look clunky and confuse today’s users, which can reduce the amount of work people do and the happiness of customers.

How to fix: Updating systems with newer, more intuitive systems.

Why are legacy systems still used?

Legacy systems stick around despite their issues for a few key reasons:

• It costs a ton to switch. Moving to new systems drains your wallet, eats up time, and messes with how your business runs day-to-day.
• People get scared of new stuff. Companies often don’t want to ditch systems they know inside and out, even if they’re old as dirt.
• Sometimes, the old stuff works just fine. Legacy systems might still do their primary job okay, so it’s harder to justify getting rid of them.

While old systems have limits, upgrading or moving to something new isn’t always the smartest move. 

Here’s when a business might put off updating their outdated apps:

• Functional Adequacy. A costly upgrade might not be necessary if a legacy application still works well and meets current needs.
• Low-Risk Environment. A proven legacy system might be safer than a risky upgrade for industries like healthcare, where security is critical.
• Limited Integration Needs. If a legacy system operates independently and doesn’t need to connect with new systems, the urgency to upgrade lessens.
• Lack of Business Case. Upgrading can be expensive. If the benefits don’t outweigh the costs, it’s wise to delay the process.
• Technical Complexity. Some legacy systems are intricately linked to core functions, and upgrading them can be a complex and disruptive undertaking.

Overall, it really depends on the business to choose whether to upgrade or keep using the legacy system.

Updating legacy systems

Modernizing or migrating legacy applications can be a complex process. It’s crucial to choose a strategic approach that minimizes disruption and maximizes long-term benefits. 

Migration

Completely replacing the legacy system with a new, modern application. This can be a clean break from the past but requires extensive planning, development, and data migration efforts.

Modernization

This can involve various techniques like:

• Refactoring. Restructuring the existing codebase to improve maintainability and performance.
• API integration. Developing APIs to enable communication with modern applications.
• Cloud migration. Moving the system to a cloud-based platform for improved scalability and flexibility.
• UI/UX redesign. Revamping the user interface to provide a modern and user-friendly experience.

Upgrading the existing legacy system to leverage modern technologies and improve its functionality. 

Conclusion

This guide sought to answer questions like what is a legacy application? And how to update a legacy system. However, the best approach for updating a legacy system depends on various factors, such as the application’s complexity, budget constraints, and desired functionality.